Laravel 10.43.0: Prevent concurrent requests from updating the same row in the database

Laravel 10.43.0: Prevent concurrent requests from updating the same row in the database

In Laravel, when multiple requests try to update the same row in the database concurrently, it can lead to inconsistencies and data corruption. To prevent this issue, Laravel provides a built-in mechanism called optimistic locking.

Optimistic locking is a strategy that allows multiple transactions to proceed concurrently, assuming that they will not conflict with each other. However, if a conflict does occur, the transaction that tries to update the row with an outdated version will be rolled back.

To enable optimistic locking in Laravel, you need to add a version column to the table that you want to protect. This column will be used to store the current version of the row. When you try to update a row, Laravel will check the current version of the row against the version that was fetched when the transaction began. If they don't match, the update will be rolled back.

Here are the steps to enable optimistic locking in Laravel:

1. Add a version column to the table:

ALTER TABLE your_table ADD COLUMN version INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0;

2. Define a model event to increment the version number whenever a model is saved:

protected static function boot()
{
    parent::boot();

    static::saving(function ($model) {
        $model->version++;
    });
}

3. Use Laravel's transaction method to wrap your database updates in a transaction:

DB::transaction(function () {
    // Your database updates here
});

4. Use Laravel's withTrashed method to include soft-deleted rows in the query:

$record = YourModel::withTrashed()->findOrFail($id);

5. Use Laravel's where method to check the version number before updating:

DB::transaction(function () use ($record) {
    $currentVersion = $record->version;

    DB::table('your_table')
        ->where('id', $record->id)
        ->where('version', $currentVersion)
        ->update([
            'column_name' => 'new_value'
        ]);
});

By following these steps, you can prevent concurrent requests from updating the same row in the database in Laravel. If a conflict does occur, the transaction will be rolled back, ensuring that the data remains consistent.